Today in my Maori Media and Communication lecture, we had a guest speaker come and present to us about Kapa Haka.
Kapa Haka, in Maori literally means "Group-Dance" and has a Whakapapa (genealogical heritage) of coming from the God of Haka, named Tanerore, who was the personification of the heat wave. It has many forms and meanings when it comes to being a form of communication. It both sends a message through performance, the actual physical movements, expressions and music used, and also depending on it's lyrics.
Kapa Haka's most frequent association is with being a challenge, or form of provocation or defiance. Everyone, at least in New Zealand, knows about the Haka, especially the one that the Rugby team The All Blacks perform before each match. It is thought to be a challenge to the opponent, conveying their power and impending threat.
But in reality, the only words and gestures that convey a "challenge" are in the last line and few seconds of the routine. The Haka is really a motivational expression to excite and prepare the ones performing it. It pumps up and prepares the performer and, in the case of The All Blacks, his mates before their match.
Kapa Haka groups are quite popular and common in the culture here in NZ. Through my class's recent assignment of preparing a speech and Power Point on a form of Maori Media, I found out that 2 of my 7 classmates are on Kapa Haka teams and compete throughout the country.
Performers, both men and women, customarily wear traditional outfits, show traditional body tattooing, and perform action songs. Action songs are songs which include body movements and gestures, matching the meaning and symbolism of the lyrics.
These body movements include everything from hand motions, foot steps, to widening of the eyes. It is customary for the women to have a chin "moko", the facial tattoo pictured above. These traditionally were like an identity card among Maori, depicting their family heritage.
Every kind of story or message is expressed through Kapa Haka. There is nothing too sacred or off limits to be acted out in a performance. There are war songs, songs about love, laments to people who have past, and welcoming songs or greetings.
This is an example of a greeting, or introduction to a host, where a Kapa Haka group chose to use the CIrcle of Life Song from the Lion King, to bring their performance to a more contemporary level.
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Kapa Haka has began to spread from the NZ culture to others... A Hawaiian football team adopted the ritual for their own entrance routine, although it is a little different, and not in proper Te Reo Maori (language).
Finally, I'll leave you with a commercial inspired by the Haka, for cookies. It was actually not completely positively accepted by the public, as some took offense to it. It uses one of the classic Maori Kapa Haka songs.



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