It feels good to have finished all my taught papers (Praise God!) It was a very rigorous A Semester and first half of B Semester for me, but it was all worth it. I enjoyed my Environmental Planning Theory class, where I learned about urban planning, Hamilton City, and global trends in public planning theory. I also learned a lot about New Zealand and the Resource Management Act 1991 in my Environmental Evaluation class. Both were Level 500 taught papers, and for an international Masters student like me, both inspired me to look at the parallels between New Zealand and the Philippines.
Those papers (one was a geography paper and the other an environmental science one) gave me perspective for my thesis topic. Finishing my classes in EnviSci and Geog sharpened my reading and research skills; I now feel that I am more ready to embark on writing my own story about mangroves in the Philippines.
What are mangroves anyway? Mangroves are lovely ecosystems occupying the fringes of fresh and salt water, usually the coasts, and are associated with trees having big prop roots and funny-looking seeds called "propagules". Mangrove trees are endowed with amazing cells that allow them to thrive in mud and brackish (near salty) water. Mangrove forests are also nurseries for fishes and fat mudcrabs and shells. Mosquitoes inhabit them, and the smell of decaying leaves and other matter reminds you of Rotorua on a windy day. Mangroves are murky, smelly, tangly, and wet, and I am absolutely in love with them!
I have travelled all over the Philippines just to glimpse at the beauty of mangroves, and I have travelled to neighboring Malaysia and Vietnam to see how their mangrove stands compare with ours. I found Philippine mangroves incomparable to those I have seen elsewhere. I prefer the diversity of our islands' estuarine forests; we have 24 of the known 27 species all over the world, and in one stand (forest area) found in Central Philippines, 23 species were present in a 27 hectare area!
In Bani, Pangasinan (north Philippines). Those are Sonneratia alba trees in the background. They attract fireflies.
While touring the Can Gio Mangroves in Can Gio region, Vietnam. Those are Rhizophora Apiculata trees, the one with the famous stilt roots.
Unfortunately, mangroves are declining in the Philippines. In 1918, there were 450,000 hectares of documented mangroves in my country. In the 1990s, there were only 128,000 hectares left. The figure is still diminishing today, so many sectors in our society are getting alarmed. Most mangrove areas are converted to shrimp or fishponds because of the high economic value given to aquaculture(read: fishponds can make an investor rich) . That is why many concerned individuals, like marine scientists and development workers, are working with local communities to stop the disappearance of mangroves from Philippine coasts. Many international agencies fund or sponsor mangrove rehabilitation projects to prevent mangrove destruction as well.
However, the "quest for mangrove restoration" story is not as simple as it looks. Though there is an ecological need to conserve mangroves in the Philippines, Filipino communities living in the mangrove forests have other priorities too. Coastal villagers need to feed themselves first, and to earn money next. Fish is a staple food in the Filipino diet, so fish always fetches a good price in the market. The high cash value of fish (and shrimp) in local and international markets make converting the smelly mangroves into "productive" fishponds attractive to local folk. This complicates the story of the mangroves in my country, and this is what I will look at in my thesis.
It promises to be another great adventure for me then! What began as a fascination for mangrove beauty has turned into a genuine interest in the mangrove story. Fortunately, the discipline of geography is here to guide me in seeing the multiple intriguing layers found in the stories surrounding Philippine mangroves.
